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Vijñāna
''Vijñāna'' (Sanskrit) or ''viññāa'' (Pāli〔As is standard in WP articles, the Pali term ''viññāa'' will be used when discussing the Pali literature, and the Sanskrit word ''vijñāna'' will be used when referring to either texts chronologically subsequent to the Pali canon or when discussing the topic broadly, in terms of ''both'' Pali and non-Pali texts.〕 is translated as "consciousness," "life force," "mind,"〔See, for instance, Rhys Davids & Stede (1921-25), p. 618, entry for "Viññāa," retrieved on 2007-06-17 from the University of Chicago's "Digital Dictionaries of South Asia". (University of Chicago )〕 or "discernment."〔See, for instance, (Apte (1957-59) ), p. 1434, entry for "vijñānam," retrieved from "U. Chicago" at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/getobject.pl?c.5:1:2152.apte ; and, (Monier-Williams (rev. 2008) ), p. 961, entry for "Vi-jñāna," retrieved from "U. Cologne" at http://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/cgi-bin/monier/serveimg.pl?file=/scans/MWScan/MWScanjpg/mw0961-vijRmbhin.jpg .〕
In the Pāli Canon's ''Sutta Pitaka'''s first four nikāyas, ''viññāa'' is one of three overlapping Pali terms used to refer to the mind, the others being ''manas'' and ''citta''. Each is used in the generic and non-technical sense of "mind" in general, but the three are sometimes used in sequence to refer to one's mental processes as a whole.〔Sue Hamilton, ''Identity and Experience.'' LUZAC Oriental, 1996, pages 105-106.〕 Their primary uses are, however, distinct.〔Bodhi, Bhikkhu (trans.) (2000b). ''The Connected Discourses of the Buddha: A Translation of the Samyutta Nikaya''. (Part IV is "The Book of the Six Sense Bases (Salayatanavagga)".) Boston: Wisdom Publications. ISBN 0-86171-331-1., pp. 769-70, ''n''. 154. For more information, see the section, "Overlapping Pali terms for mind," below.〕
==Buddhism==
This section considers the Buddhist concept primarily in terms of Early Buddhism's Pali literature as well as in the literature of other Buddhist schools.
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